Bitter melon can grow at a minimum temperature of 65 °F (18 °C), but it will grow slower than it would in warmer temperatures. You can also grow bitter melon in a greenhouse to prevent frost damage.
The soil pH should be between 5. 5 and 6. 7 to grow healthy melons.
Bitter melon that is grown directly on the ground will not produce fruit as large as a trellised plant. If you do not trellis your melons, add a layer of straw or mulch to create a barrier between the plant and the soil, keep the moisture in the soil, and prevent fruit rot. [6] X Research source
Purchase bitter melon seeds from your local nursery or online.
Seeds can also be planted in small pots filled with potting mix if temperatures outside are not ideal. Seedlings can be transplanted after 15-20 days once they’re planted in pots.
If the seedlings are all the same size, either thin them out randomly or wait another day or 2 to see which ones start to grow larger.
Common diseases your bitter melon may encounter are watermelon mosaic potyvirus, downy mildew, or leaf spot. Look for splotchy discoloration on the leaves of your plant. Fungal infections typically occur after long wet periods. Watch your plant carefully if there has been a lot of rain in your area.
Fruit flies could lay eggs in the fruit. If you notice fruit flies near your plant, protect individual fruit by wrapping them in newspapers or paper bags. Only use harsh chemicals if the infestation causes significant damage to your plant. If you are planning to eat your bitter melon, stick to pesticides that are safe for human consumption, such as liquid soap sprays, vinegar, or Bacillus Thuringiensis (Bt).
Use an irrigation system to provide a consistent water source for your melons. [10] X Research source
If you are not growing on a trellis, prune the growing vine once the first female flowers appear on the plant. Female flowers will have knobby green stems attached to yellow petals. [12] X Research source
Water the soil immediately after you apply fertilizer so it has a chance to soak into the roots of your plant.
Plants that are completely yellow and soft to the touch are overripe. The fruit’s bitterness may vary, even when it’s grown on the same vine.
Fruit should be harvested before it fully ripens.
You can parboil the fruit to reduce the bitterness, but it may change the texture. Bitter melon has healthy doses of potassium, iron, fiber, and high amounts of vitamins C, B1, B2, and B3.
You can parboil the fruit to reduce the bitterness, but it may change the texture. Bitter melon has healthy doses of potassium, iron, fiber, and high amounts of vitamins C, B1, B2, and B3.
